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Vol. 3 No. 12 (2026)
Philology

Articles

SYNTACTIC MEANS OF REPRESENTING THE CONCEPT “LABOUR” IN PAREMIAS OF THE RUSSIAN, UZBEK, KAZAKH AND KARAKALPAK LANGUAGES

DOI 10.63294/isja/vol3iss12/245 Google Scholar Google Scholar Pages 67-78

Published 2026-09-29

Authors
Жамединова В.К.
Affiliation
Старший преподаватель Центра изучения языков филологического факультета Университет Альфраганус
Alfraganus — Vol. 3, Issue 12 (2026), Philology
PDF (Russian)

Abstract

This article examines the syntactic means used to represent the concept of "labor" in the proverbs and sayings of the Russian, Uzbek, Kazakh, and Karakalpak languages. The concept of "labor" is one of the fundamental cultural concepts reflecting a people's moral, social, and economic views. Its linguistic objectification is most fully manifested in proverbs and sayings, which encapsulate the centuries-old experience of an ethnic group and fulfill cognitive, axiological, and educational functions. The aim of the study is to identify and comparatively analyze the syntactic patterns through which the concept of "labor" is linguistically expressed within the paremiological corpora of four languages. Particular attention is paid to simple and complex sentences; constructions involving conditional, causal, and adversative relationships; syntactic parallelism; ellipsis; and imperative structures. The research material comprises 1653 proverbs and sayings from the Russian, Uzbek, Kazakh, and Karakalpak languages, drawn from academic paremiological dictionaries and folklore collections. Methods of descriptive, comparative-contrastive, structural-syntactic, and cognitive analysis were employed. The study results indicate that, despite the fact that the languages under analysis belong to different language families, their paremiological systems exhibit similar syntactic methods of conceptualizing labor. Universal features include the conciseness of syntactic structures, a predominance of simple sentences, and the active use of antithesis, parallelism, and conditional constructions. Language-specific characteristics manifest in the grammatical encoding of syntactic relations and a preference for particular structural models.

Keywords

concept, labor, paremia, proverb, syntax, cognitive linguistics, Russian language, Uzbek language, Kazakh language, Karakalpak language, comparative linguistics

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