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Vol. 3 No. 14 (2026)
General Professional Sciences

Articles

GRAFIK KOMPETENTLIKNING FORMALLASHTIRILADIGAN KOMPONENTLARI VA ULARNI MIQDORIY O'LCHASH MUAMMOSI

DOI 10.63294/isja/vol3iss14/311 Google Scholar Search in Scholar Pages 53-64

Published 2026-10-08

Authors
Haqberdiyev B.R a , Abdukarimova G.D. b
Affiliations
a Alfraganus universiteti, Umumkasbiy fanlar kafedrasi mudiri p.f.f.d., v.b.professor
b TIQXMMI Milliy tadqiqot universiteti tayanch doktoranti
ALFRAGANUS — Vol. 3, Issue 14 (2026), Umumkasbiy fanlar
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Abstract

Although the notion of graphic competence is widely used in engineering education, no operationalised definition suitable for algorithmic measurement has yet been established. This paper analyses the structure of graphic competence, groups its components into three classes according to their degree of formalisability, and comparatively evaluates the existing measurement instruments. The analysis shows that the MRT, PSVT:R and MCT instruments widely used in international practice measure only the latent spatial-visualisation component and do not cover the normative and performance components of graphic competence. The mean training effect size for spatial skills reported in meta-analysis is g = 0.47, confirming the malleability of these components. At the same time, it is established that the classical calibration scheme is inapplicable under automatic generation: empirical estimation of each item's parameters requires hundreds of respondent answers, whereas a generator produces an unlimited number of new items. The literature review shows that this contradiction can be resolved by predicting item difficulty from its structural features, with prediction quality in such models typically reaching r ≈ 0.70–0.77. The results substantiate the need to combine two measurement sources — latent testing and automatic drawing analysis — within a single scale.

Keywords

graphic competence, spatial visualisation, formalisation, item response theory, automatic item generation, calibration, PSVT:R, Mental Cutting Test, validity

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