NEW APPROACHES IN THE METHODOLOGY OF SOCIAL DISCIPLINES.

Abstract

This article is devoted to the use of such unusual methods as semantics and synergetics in
the humanities and social science disciplines.
In the modern world, the world of the latest information technologies, where old life
paradigms often do not meet social needs, there is a need to change the perspective of attention
and take a fresh look at research methods that are not new in themselves, but their application
in the humanities is still still, to put it mildly, it seems unusual and is not recognized by many.
In particular, we propose to illuminate such an issue as the philosophical aspects of quantum
theory, chaos theory, and how, with the help of synergetics, they can be applied in social and
humanitarian disciplines. In the theory of self-organization, chaos is a set of elements from
which, under the influence of external forces, a dissipative structure capable of transferring
energy and self-organization can arise.
“Any system has two states: chaos and order, interacting, or existing one in the other. At
a certain time, under certain conditions, the interaction of chaos and order either increases or
decreases,” as noted in the work Synergetics and Forecasts of the Future by authors S.P.
Kapitsa, S.P. Kurdyumov, G.G. Malinetsky. The work will examine these points in social
disciplines. Today in the world, more attention is paid to the individual and subjective, the
patterns of the subjective are revealed rather than those that gave answers to the objective
perception of reality. An objective approach is also an attempt to identify patterns and, in a
way, create a certain unchanging unified system that can lead to linearity of thinking. The
article provides for an analysis of the multi-level approach in the methodological aspect of the
social sciences and humanities. An attempt to apply methods in the humanities and social
sciences that are often used in the natural sciences, i.e. applying a transdisciplinary or
synergetic approach is the goal of this study.
Since making a forecast in social sciences is extremely difficult, a synergetic approach in
this case may provide some answers to forecasting questions. In this regard, chaos theory in its
philosophical understanding is very applicable in these disciplines.